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1.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 23(2): 4-7[2], abr.-jun. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-114206

RESUMO

Las mastocitosis engloban un conjunto de enfermedades caracterizadas por un acúmulo de mastocitos en la piel, con o sin afectación de otros órganos o sistemas. La etiología de las mastocitosis es desconocida. Las formas cutáneas son generalmente propias de la infancia, y se pueden acompañar de manifestaciones clínicas generalizadas con o sin infiltración sistémica. La importancia anestésica de la enfermedad radica en que muchos de los fármacos empleados pueden ser causa de una liberación masiva de mediadores químicos mastocitarios. Presentamos una revisión de la implicaciones de las anestesia en el manejo de la mastocitosis (AU)


Mastocytosis encompass a group of diseases characterized by an accumulation of mast cells in the skin, with or without involvement of other organs or systems. The etiology of mastocytosis is unknown. Cutaneous forms are usually of childhood, and can be accompanied by widespread clinical manifestations with or without systemic infiltration. The importance of the disease anesthetic is that many of the drugs used can cause a massive release of mast cell chemical mediators. We present a review of the implications of anesthesia management will in mastocytosis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Mastocitose/tratamento farmacológico , Mastocitose/complicações , Anestesia/efeitos adversos , Anestesia/métodos , Mastocitose/fisiopatologia , Mastócitos , Mastócitos/patologia , Mastocitose/etiologia , Dermatomicoses/complicações , Dermatomicoses/tratamento farmacológico
2.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 19(5): 231-238, sept.-oct. 2012. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-107390

RESUMO

Objetivo: la importancia del dolor agudo postoperatorio radica en su alta frecuencia, en su inadecuado tratamiento y en las repercusiones que tiene en la evolución y en la recuperación del paciente. El bloqueo iliofascial puede ser una técnica adecuada para analgesia postoperatoria en la artroplastia total de rodilla. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la eficacia y seguridad del bloqueo iliofascial, en comparación con el bloqueo epidural, a efectos de analgesia postquirúrgica en pacientes sometidos a artroplastia total de rodilla bajo anestesia subaracnoidea. Se valoró además si la realización del bloqueo iliofascial es una técnica analgésica segura, las complicaciones derivadas de la misma, los efectos secundarios y el grado de satisfacción del paciente. Material y métodos: estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo, aleatorio, observacional, controlado, con evaluador ciego, en 54 pacientes, adultos, ASA I-III, de ambos sexos, sometidos a cirugía de artroplastia total de rodilla bajo anestesia intradural. Los pacientes incluidos en el estudio se dividieron en dos grupos, BIF y BE. En el grupo BIF (n = 27) se colocó un catéter iliofascial, mientras que en el otro grupo BE (n = 27) se colocó un catéter epidural lumbar (a nivel L3-L4), en ambos casos para la analgesia postoperatoria continua. Ambos grupos recibieron el mismo protocolo analgésico con paracetamol y metamizol pautados, y rescate con bolos de morfina intravenosa. Se utilizó t-Student para comparar las variables cuantitativas. Se consideró significativo (p < 0,05). Resultados: no hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos en el dolor postoperatorio, medido a través de la escala EVA en la primera hora tras la intervención y a las 8, 12, 24 y 48 horas. El consumo de analgesia suplementaria fue similar en ambos grupos. La facilidad para realizar ambas técnicas fue similar y no se evidenciaron complicaciones relacionadas con ninguna de ellas. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias en los efectos secundarios, en el nivel de bloqueo motor, en el grado de satisfacción por la analgesia recibida o en calidad de sueño. Discusión: según nuestro estudio, tanto el catéter epidural como el catéter iliofascial aportan un buen control del dolor postoperatorio en artroplastia total de rodilla, con un grado de satisfacción por parte de los pacientes de bueno a muy bueno. En base a nuestros resultados, parece que el bloqueo iliofascial es una técnica efectiva y segura, por lo que podría incorporarse al protocolo analgésico de artroplastia de rodilla (AU)


Objective: the importance of acute postoperative pain lies in its high frequency, where inadequate treatment and the impact it has on the evolution and the patient’s recovery. Iliofascial block may be a suitable technique for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of the blockade iliofascial compared with epidural analgesia in postoperative effects in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. We also evaluate if the iliofascial block is a safe analgesic technique, the complications, the adverse effects and the patient satisfaction. Material and methods: multicenter, prospective, randomized, observational, controlled, assessor blind, in 54 adult patients, ASA I-III, of both sexes, for total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. Patients included in the study were divided into two groups, BIF and BE. In the BIF group (n = 27), a iliofascial catheter was placed, while in the other group BE (n = 27), a lumbar epidural catheter (at L3-L4) was placed, both for continuous postoperative analghesia. Both groups received the same protocol with paracetamol and metamizol, and rescue with intravenous morphine bolus. Student t test was used to compare quantitative variables. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were no differences between groups in postoperative pain measured by VAS scale in the first hour after surgery and at 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours. The supplemental analgesia consumption was similar in both groups. Both techniques were easy and showed no complications related to any of them. No differences in side effects, motor block level, the degree of satisfaction with the analgesia received or sleep quality. Discussion: in our study as the epidural catheter as the catheter iliofascial provide good control of postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty, with a degree of satisfaction of patients as good to very good. According to our results we think that the iliofascial block seems a safe and effective technique, so we could join to the analgesic protocol of knee arthroplasty (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Bloqueio Nervoso/métodos , Bloqueio Nervoso/tendências , Analgesia/métodos , Analgesia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Dipirona/uso terapêutico , Dor Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Aguda/cirurgia , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Sistema Nervoso Periférico , Fármacos do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/uso terapêutico
4.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 21(4): 58-64, oct.-dic. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-97647

RESUMO

La cefalea postpunción dural (CPPD) es el resultado de la punción advertida o inadvertida de la duramadre. Es la complicación más frecuente de la anestesia neuroaxial. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos siguen siendo discutidos. La mayoría de las veces se resuelve espontáneamente pero en ocasiones persiste meses. Su tratamiento es controvertido porque la evidencia científica es escasa. El siguiente artículo revisa la incidencia, fisiopatología, clínica, diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de la CPPD(AU)


Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is the result of the puncture warned or unnoticed of dura mater. It is the most common complication following neuroaxial anesthesia. Physiopathological mechanisms remain discussed. Most of the times it solves spontaneously but sometimes it persists months. Its treatment is controversial because the scientific evidence is scarce. The following article reviews the incidence, physiopathology, clinical, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the PPH(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Anestesia Epidural/efeitos adversos , Cefaleia Pós-Punção Dural/epidemiologia , Placa de Sangue Epidural , Fatores de Risco
5.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 21(1): 18-25, ene.-mar. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-97560

RESUMO

La anafilaxia perioperatoria puede ser una un cuadro clínico que amenaza la vida del paciente, producido por los fármacos o sustancias usadas en la anestesia. Después de una anafilaxia, debe realizarse un estudio alergológico para identificar el agente responsable y prevenir recurrencias. La incidencia global es de 1 entre 10.000-20.000 anestesias. Los agentes más frecuentemente implicados son los bloqueantes neuromusculares, látex y antibióticos. El diagnóstico inicial es mediante la clínica. En el tratamiento es esencial la adrenalina(AU)


Perioperative anaphylaxis may be a life threatening clinical condition and is typically a results of drugs used for anesthesia. After anaphylaxis, allergologic assessment is essential to identify the offending agent and prevent recurrences. The overall incidence is estimated at 1 in 10,000-20,000 anesthetic procedures. The most commonly involved agents are neuromuscular blocking agents, latex and antibiotics. The initial diagnosis is presumptive, including clinical signs. Adrenalin is the treatment of choice(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Anestesia/métodos , Anafilaxia/etiologia , Complicações Intraoperatórias , /métodos , Hipersensibilidade ao Látex/complicações , Triptases/efeitos adversos
6.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 57(9): 596-8, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21155342

RESUMO

Flecainide is an antiarrhythmic drug that blocks sodium channels during phase 0 of cardiac action potential, delaying conduction and reducing contractility. Intoxication by this drug is rare. Onset of effect, which is rapid, takes the form of hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias; mortality is high. No antidote is available and management is based on the few cases that have been reported. The metabolism of flecainide is affected by both kidney and liver failure, which lead to accumulation of the drug. Flecainide should not be used in patients with such failure unless the potential benefits clearly outweigh the risks. If flecainide is prescribed, diligent clinical, electrocardiographic, and hemodynamic vigilance is imperative and plasma levels of the drug should be monitored. We report a case of flecainide poisoning in which the drug was prescribed to treat atrial fibrillation in a woman with resolving sepsis with renal and hepatic complications.


Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Flecainida/intoxicação , Complicações Intraoperatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Sódio/intoxicação , Idoso , Amiodarona/uso terapêutico , Colecistectomia , Colecistite/complicações , Colecistite/cirurgia , Eletrocardiografia , Emergências , Feminino , Flecainida/sangue , Flecainida/farmacocinética , Flecainida/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/fisiopatologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Síndrome do QT Longo/induzido quimicamente , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/metabolismo , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Edema Pulmonar/etiologia , Sepse/complicações , Sepse/metabolismo , Sepse/fisiopatologia , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Sódio/sangue , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Sódio/farmacocinética , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Sódio/uso terapêutico
7.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 20(4): 144-149, oct.-dic. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-88280

RESUMO

En los últimos años se han desarrollado una serie de métodos no invasivos para poder detectar la aparición de un accidente vascular cerebral durante la cirugía carotídea. Estos métodos, basados en la monitorización del flujo sanguíneo (eco doppler transcraneal, oximetría cerebral) o en la actividad eléctrica cerebral (electroencefalograma, potenciales evocados, índice Biespectral) nos pueden aportan información sobre la posible afectación isquémica neuronal. Ninguno de ellos se ha podido constituir en el patrón oro de la monitorización, ya que tienen un elevado porcentaje de falsos positivos y negativos, incluso cuando se combinan entre sí. Aún está por encontrar y desarrollar el método más fiable y reproducible que sea capaz de detectar eventos perioperatorios que hasta ahora sólo se evidencian con el paciente vigil (AU)


In the last 30 years, some non invasive methods have developed to prevent and detect the occurrence of a stroke during carotid artery surgery. These methods, based mostly on monitoring blood flow (transcranial doppler, cerebral oximetry) and brain electrical activity (EEG, evoked potentials, bispectral index) give us information on the possible neuronal ischemic involvement. None of them has been able to build on the gold standard of monitoring, as they have a high percentage of false positives and negatives, even when mixed together. It remains to find and develop more reliable and reproducible method that is able to predict perioperative events that so far only the awake patient (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/cirurgia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Ultrassonografia Doppler Transcraniana/métodos , Oximetria/métodos , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Potenciais Evocados
8.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 57(9): 596-598, nov. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-82441

RESUMO

La flecainida es un antiarrítmico que actúa bloqueando los canales de sodio durante la fase 0 del potencial de acción, retardando la conducción cardiaca y disminuyendo la contractilidad. La intoxicación por este fármaco es muy infrecuente, con un inicio de acción rápido en forma de hipotensión y arritmias cardiacas y una alta mortalidad. No existe antídoto y su tratamiento está basado en la experiencia de los escasos casos descritos. Tanto la insuficiencia renal como hepática pueden alterar el metabolismo de la flecainida, lo que ocasiona acúmulo de la misma. Es recomendable no utilizar flecainida en este tipo de casos a menos que los beneficios claramente superen los riesgos de su utilización. En tales casos es indispensable la vigilancia clínica, electrocardiográfica y hemodinámica, así como la monitorización de niveles plasmáticos. Presentamos un caso de intoxicación por flecainida para tratamiento de fibrilación auricular en un paciente con un cuadro séptico en resolución, que sufría afectación hepática y renal(AU)


Flecainide is an antiarrhythmic drug that blocks sodium channels during phase 0 of cardiac action potential, delaying conduction and reducing contractility. Intoxication by this drug is rare. Onset of effect, which is rapid, takes the form of hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias; mortality is high. No antidote is available and management is based on the few cases that have been reported. The metabolism of flecainide is affected by both kidney and liver failure, which lead to accumulation of the drug. Flecainide should not be used in patients with such failure unless the potential benefits clearly outweigh the risks. If flecainide is prescribed, diligent clinical, electrocardiographic, and hemodynamic vigilance is imperative and plasma levels of the drug should be monitored. We report a case of flecainide poisoning in which the drug was prescribed to treat atrial fibrillation in a man with resolving sepsis with renal and hepatic complications(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Intoxicação/complicações , Intoxicação/prevenção & controle , Flecainida/farmacologia , Flecainida/toxicidade , Hipotensão/complicações , Hipotensão/terapia , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Arritmias Cardíacas/patologia , Eletrocardiografia/instrumentação , Eletrocardiografia , Fibrilação Atrial/complicações
9.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 57(2): 86-90, 2010 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20336999

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of 2 invasive techniques for treating myofascial pain: trigger point acupuncture and 1% lidocaine infiltration of trigger points. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to 2 groups for evaluation at our pain clinic over a period of 7 months. Each patient had 4 treatment sessions. Response was evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS) and by means of the Lattinen test. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were enrolled. Eleven underwent acupuncture and 10 received lidocaine infiltrations. When post-treatment pain was assessed, the mean (SD) VAS scores fell from 5.50 (2.08) to 2.45 (2.05) in the acupuncture group and from 4.8 (2.03) to 2.2 (1.91) in the lidocaine group. Lattinen test scores also fell, from 10.63 (2.69) to 8.54 (3.14) in the acupuncture group and from 10.9 (1.59) to 8.60 (2.63) in the lidocaine group. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Both acupuncture and lidocaine infiltration of trigger points were effective in reducing pain intensity after treatment and in improving quality of life. One method could not be shown to be better than the other for treating myofascial pain.


Assuntos
Analgesia por Acupuntura , Anestésicos Locais/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/uso terapêutico , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/terapia , Adulto , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intralesionais , Lidocaína/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/tratamento farmacológico , Medição da Dor , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
10.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 20(1): 21-26, ene.-mar. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81912

RESUMO

La alergia al látex ha aumentado en los últimos años hasta convertirse en importante causa de morbilidad y, hoy en día, está reconocida como problema internacional de salud. Su prevalencia en la población general está en torno al 1%, pudiendo aumentar hasta un 20% entre el personal sanitario. En pacientes alérgicos al látex, al no existir un tratamiento específico definitivo ni una premedicación efectiva, la única alternativa es evitar la exposición. Por ello, es importante la identificación de pacientes con factores de riesgo de sensibilización. La prevención tiene un papel fundamental, pero la ubicuidad del látex convierte esa prevención en una labor compleja, que obliga a considerar cambios en la asistencia sanitaria. En esta revisión analizaremos la prevención, haciendo énfasis en la importancia de diagnóstico precoz y educación de pacientes para que eviten la exposición al látex, así como en la necesidad de creación de comités multidisciplinarios y multiprofesionales, que puedan coordinar la atención médica que debe recibir el paciente alérgico al látex desde su ingreso hasta su alta y desarrollar reglas de actuación para proteger a los trabajadores de un hospital. Insistiremos en la trascendencia de la disminución de las concentraciones de látex en el ambiente (AU)


Latex allergy has increased in the last years up to turning into an important reason of morbidity and, nowadays, it is recognized as an international problem of health. It prevalence in the general population is concerning 1%, being able to increase up to 20% among the sanitary personnel. In the patients with latex allergy, when exist neither a specific definitive treatment nor an effective premedication, the only alternative is to avoid the exhibition. For it, the patients' identification is fundamental in addition with factors of risk of sensitization to the latex. The prevention has a fundamental role, but the ubiquity of the latex turns this prevention into a complex labour, which forces to consider changes in the sanitary assistance. In this review we will analyze the prevention of the allergy to the latex, doing emphasis in the importance of precocious diagnosis and education of the patients in order that they avoid the exhibition to the latex, as well as in the need of creation of multidisciplinary and multiprofessional committees, which they could coordinate the medical attention that the patient allergic to the latex must receive from his revenue up to his discharge and develop rules of action to protect the workers of a hospital. We will insist on the significance of the decrease of the concentrations of latex on the environment (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipersensibilidade ao Látex/prevenção & controle , Anestesia/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Diagnóstico Precoce , Exposição Ambiental/prevenção & controle
11.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 57(2): 86-90, feb. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-78830

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de dos técnicas invasivasen el tratamiento del dolor miofascial: punción depuntos gatillo con aguja de acupuntura e infiltración delos mismos con lidocaína al 1%.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se distribuyó a los pacientesaleatoriamente en ambos grupos, de los evaluados duranteun periodo de 7 meses en la Unidad del Dolor y quecumplían los criterios de inclusión. Se practicaron cuatrosesiones por paciente, evaluando la respuesta mediante laEscala Visual Analógica (EVA) y el test de Lattinen.RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 21 pacientes. Once fueronpinchados con aguja de acupuntura y 10 se infiltraroncon lidocaína. Se objetivó una disminución en la puntuaciónen la EVA al final de ambos tratamientos. Los valoresfueron 5,50 ± 2,08 disminuyendo a 2,45 ± 2,05 en elgrupo acupuntura, y 4,8 ± 2,03 disminuyendo a 2,20 ±1,91 en el grupo lidocaína. También se redujo la puntuaciónen el test de Lattinen de 10,63 ± 2,69 a 8,54 ± 3,14con aguja de acupuntura y de 10,9 ± 1,59 a 8,60 ± 2,63con lidocaína. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativaen ambas escalas (visual analógica y test deLattinen) entre ambas técnicas.CONCLUSIÓN: Tanto la punción con aguja de acupunturacomo la infiltración con lidocaína demostraron sereficaces en la disminución de la intensidad del dolor alfinal del tratamiento, así como en su influencia en lacalidad de vida, no pudiendo determinar en este grupode pacientes que un método sea superior a otro en el tratamientodel dolor miofascial(AU)


OBJETIVE: To assess the efficacy of 2 invasivetechniques for treating myofascial pain: trigger pointacupuncture and 1% lidocaine infiltration of triggerpoints.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who met theinclusion criteria were randomized to 2 groups forevaluation at our pain clinic over a period of 7 months.Each patient had 4 treatment sessions. Response wasevaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS) and by meansof the Lattinen test.RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were enrolled. Elevenunderwent acupuncture and 10 received lidocaineinfiltrations. When post-treatment pain was assessed,the mean (SD) VAS scores fell from 5.50 (2.08) to 2.45(2.05) in the acupuncture group and from 4.8 (2.03) to2.2 (1.91) in the lidocaine group. Lattinen test scoresalso fell, from 10.63 (2.69) to 8.54 (3.14) in theacupuncture group and from 10.9 (1.59) to 8.60 (2.63) inthe lidocaine group. There were no statisticallysignificant differences between the 2 treatment groups.CONCLUSION: Both acupuncture and lidocaineinfiltration of trigger points were effective in reducingpain intensity after treatment and in improving qualityof life. One method could not be shown to be better thanthe other for treating myofascial pain(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Dor Facial/etiologia , Dor Facial/terapia , Eficácia/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Infiltração-Percolação/métodos , Analgesia por Acupuntura , Pontos de Acupuntura , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico
12.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 19(4): 142-150, oct.-dic. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81312

RESUMO

La alergia al látex es una patología importante en el ámbito sanitario. Son grupos de riesgo para desarrollar alergia al látex los pacientes multioperados y los profesionales sanitarios. La prevalencia en la población general es calcula en un 1%, mientras que en los trabajadores sanitarios es del 2,6 al 19,6%, siendo mayor en los trabajadores de las áreas quirúrgicas. La clínica varía desde rinitis hasta shock anafiláctico, pudiendo ser causa de muerte. El diagnóstico se basa en una buena historia clínica, test cutáneos y, si es necesario, pruebas de provocación controlada. Existen protocolos para prevenir el desarrollo de síntomas en los pacientes alérgicos, cuando van a ser intervenidos quirúrgicamente. El tratamiento etiológico se basa en la inmunoterapia yen nuevas técnicas de ADN recombinante. En este artículo, se describe la clínica, protocolos diagnósticos, así como protocolos de prevención y tratamientos etiológicos de la alergia al látex (AU)


Hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex has been recognized as an important health problem. Risks groups for natural rubber latex allergy included health workers and patients who have under gone multiple surgical procedures. The prevalence of latex allergy among general population is probably 1%, in heath workers the estimated prevalence is between 2.6 to 19.6% and tends to be higher in surgical settings. Symptoms vary between rhinitis to anaphylaxis, even death. Diagnosis of latex allergy is based in clinical history, skin test and provocation test. Several protocol shave been described to avoid symptoms in allergy patients when they undergo surgical procedures. Etiological treatment is based on specific immunotherapy and recombinant allergens techniques. The aim of this article was to review etiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of latex allergy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipersensibilidade ao Látex/epidemiologia , Anafilaxia/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , DNA Recombinante/uso terapêutico
13.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 56(7): 417-24, 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19856688

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of postoperative analgesia provided by intravenous administration of paracetamol and ketorolac plus morphine in bolus doses with or without continuous infusion of local anesthetic into the surgical wound after abdominal hysterectomy. Patient satisfaction was included among the outcomes assessed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective pilot study in ASA 1-2 patients randomized to 2 groups: women in the subcutaneous catheter group received intravenous analgesics plus a continuous infusion (2 mL/h) of 0.25% bupivacaine whereas women in the control group received only the intravenous analgesics. The outcome measures were pain intensity assessed on a verbal numerical scale at rest and with movement, morphine requirements in the first 48 hours after surgery, and complications related to the drugs used or the technique. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were enrolled; 10 were randomized to the catheter group and 16 to the control group. Statistically significant between-group differences in pain both at rest and with movement were found while the women were in the postoperative recovery unit. Postoperative pain with movement was also significantly different at 24 hours (P<.004) and 48 hours (P<.02). Similarly, mean (SD) morphine requirements in the recovery unit were significantly greater in the control group, at 8 (2.27) mg, compared with 3.20 (1.79) mg in the catheter group (P<.002). Walking began earlier in the catheter group. No differences were found in the incidences of complications. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative pain is effectively relieved by continuous infusion of local anesthetic into the surgical wound after abdominal hysterectomy. This technique provides good analgesia with less morphine consumption and scarce adverse effects. Patient satisfaction and the sense of receiving quality pain management are high.


Assuntos
Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Histerectomia , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Histerectomia/efeitos adversos , Histerectomia/métodos , Infusões Intralesionais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos
14.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 56(7): 417-424, ago. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73998

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la calidad de la analgesia postoperatoriaen mujeres sometidas a histerectomía abdominal,valorando dos técnicas diferentes de analgesia intravenosa(paracetamol, ketorolaco y bolos de morfina) con osin infusión continua de anestésico local en la herida quirúrgica.Se valoró además el índice de satisfacción experimentadopor las pacientes.MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio preliminar, prospectivoy aleatorio, en pacientes ASA I-II, divididas en dos grupos:grupo catéter, mujeres que recibieron analgésicosintravenosos y bupivacaína (0,25%) en infusión continua(2 ml/h) a través de un catéter subcutáneo; grupo control,recibieron exclusivamente analgesia intravenosa.Las variables de estudio fueron la intensidad del dolor(evaluado mediante escala verbal numérica) en reposo ymovimiento, requerimientos de morfina durante las primeras48 horas y complicaciones relacionadas con losfármacos utilizados y con la técnica.RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 26 pacientes, 10 pacientesen el grupo catéter y 16 en el grupo control. Las diferenciasencontradas con respecto al dolor, tanto en reposocomo en movimiento, fueron estadísticamente significativasen la URPA. También existieron diferencias significativasen el dolor al movimiento a las 24 h (p < 0,004) y alas 48 h (p < 0,020). Asimismo los requerimientos de morfinaen la URPA fueron significativamente mayores en elgrupo control (3,20 ± 1,79 mg frente a 8 ± 2,27 mg,p < 0,002). La deambulación fue más temprana en el grupocatéter. No hallamos diferencias en las complicaciones.CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento del dolor postoperatoriomediante infusión continua de anestésico local en la heridaquirúrgica tras histerectomía abdominal es una técnicaanalgésica eficaz, que proporciona un muy buen control delmismo con un reducido consumo de morfina, escasos efectosadversos, un alto índice de satisfacción de las mujeres yla percepción de éstas de recibir una analgesia de calidad(AU)


OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of postoperativeanalgesia provided by intravenous administration ofparacetamol and ketorolac plus morphine in bolus doseswith or without continuous infusion of local anestheticinto the surgical wound after abdominal hysterectomy.Patient satisfaction was included among the outcomesassessed.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective pilot study inASA 1-2 patients randomized to 2 groups: women in thesubcutaneous catheter group received intravenousanalgesics plus a continuous infusion (2 mL/h) of 0.25%bupivacaine whereas women in the control groupreceived only the intravenous analgesics. The outcomemeasures were pain intensity assessed on a verbalnumerical scale at rest and with movement, morphinerequirements in the first 48 hours after surgery, andcomplications related to the drugs used or the technique.RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were enrolled; 10 wererandomized to the catheter group and 16 to the controlgroup. Statistically significant between-group differencesin pain both at rest and with movement were found whilethe women were in the postoperative recovery unit.Postoperative pain with movement was also significantlydifferent at 24 hours (P<.004) and 48 hours (P<.02).Similarly, mean (SD) morphine requirements in therecovery unit were significantly greater in the controlgroup, at 8 (2.27) mg, compared with 3.20 (1.79) mg inthe catheter group (P<.002). Walking began earlier in thecatheter group. No differences were found in theincidences of complications.CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative pain is effectivelyrelieved by continuous infusion of local anesthetic intothe surgical wound after abdominal hysterectomy. Thistechnique provides good analgesia with less morphineconsumption and scarce adverse effects. Patientsatisfaction and the sense of receiving quality painmanagement are high(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anestesia Local/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Anestesia Local/tendências , Anestésicos Locais/uso terapêutico , Histerectomia/métodos , Histerectomia , Bombas de Infusão , Eficácia/métodos , Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Cetorolaco/uso terapêutico , Morfina/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/reabilitação , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Fentanila/uso terapêutico
15.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 56(5): 276-86, 2009 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19580130

RESUMO

On the occasion of the bicentennial of the first ovariectomy, we reviewed the beginnings of abdominal gynecologic surgery in Spain in order to shed light on aspects that are still unclear in medical historiography and that are often wrongly presented. We consulted a large number of sources that allowed us to follow events in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, discovering information we consider definitive and that confirmed our initial hypotheses. The work of Dr Federico Rubio, the first to perform an ovariectomy in Spain, is highlighted among the early experiences of our Spanish surgeons. Emphasis is placed on the high mortality rate associated with this operation at the beginning. We also analyze the problems of anesthesia and antisepsis and the influence of each on the surgical procedure. The events uncovered were the work of a group of forward-thinking surgeons who made considerable progress against opposing groups with more conservative views and whose contributions to Spanish surgery were far less brilliant.


Assuntos
Anestesia Geral/história , Antissepsia/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/história , Laparotomia/história , Ovariectomia/história , Dissidências e Disputas/história , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Kentucky , Cistos Ovarianos/história , Cistos Ovarianos/cirurgia , Ovariectomia/métodos , Ovariectomia/mortalidade , Ovariectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Choque Séptico/etiologia , Choque Séptico/mortalidade , Choque Séptico/prevenção & controle , Espanha
16.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 15(1): 18-27, ene.-mar. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-040938

RESUMO

La metadona es un opioide sintético agonista total en receptores micro, y antagonista de los receptores NMDA. Es altamente liposoluble, con una vida media de unas 23 horas, pudiendo variar entre 13 y 54 horas. Es un isómero óptico, cuya forma L es la responsable de la mayor actividad analgésica. Este fármaco ha sido utilizado satisfactoriamente desde hace años para el tratamiento sustitutivo de pacientes drogodependientes, sin embargo, su utilización como analgésico es menos generalizada, a pesar de su perfil farmacológico que podría ser beneficioso en este aspecto. Teniendo esto en cuenta, hemos revisado las principales aplicaciones terapéuticas de la metadona, y su implicación tanto en el dolor agudo como en el dolor crónico. La metadona es una alternativa atractiva para el tratamiento del dolor oncológico y neuropático, dada su buena disponibilidad oral, su larga vida media con escasas dosis diarias y su bajo coste. Las vías intravenosa, intradural, y epidural, se han mostrado eficaces y seguras para el tratamiento del dolor posoperatorio


Methadone is a synthetic opioid that is primarily a micro-opioid agonist, but also a NMDA-antagonist. It is highly liposoluble and has an average lifee in blood of approximately 23 hours, although it can vary from 13 to 54 hours. It is an optical isomer, where l-methadone is the primarily responsible factor for the analgesic effect. Methadone has successfully been used for many years for the treatment of dependence on opioid drugs. However, it has been less used as an analgesic, in spite of its useful pharmacolog ic profile. Bearing this in mind, we have reviewed the main therapeutic uses of methadone, and its effectiveness in treating both acute and chronic pain. Methadone is an attractive alternative for the treating cancer and neuropathic pain, because of its good oral bioavailability, its long average lHe at low daily doses and its oral bioavailability, its long average life at low daily doses and its low cost. Intravenous, intrathecal and epidural viae have shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of postoperative pain


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Metadona/análogos & derivados , Metadona/administração & dosagem , Metadona , Analgesia Epidural/métodos , Analgesia Epidural , Anestesia Epidural/métodos , Anestesia Epidural , Metadona/agonistas , Metadona/síntese química , Analgesia Epidural , Anestesia Epidural , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Analgésicos Opioides/agonistas , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacologia
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